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[摘要] 肥胖已于1997年被世界卫生组织列为全球性流行病，不管是从生理上还是从心理上，它都容易引发一系列疾病，给肥胖患者带来莫大的压力与痛苦。一些简单保守的减肥方法已无法达到预期效果，减肥手术已然成为了治疗肥胖病的有效方法。从传统的吸收不良型手术到胃内水球术、腹腔镜可调节胃束带手术，肥胖外科的发展日新月异，广大肥胖患者将会有更加健康的明天。
[关键词] 肥胖；肥胖外科；减重手术；代谢外科
[中图分类号] R659 [文献标识码]A[文章编号]1674-4721（2011）07（a）-０16－02
肥胖，对人们来说并不陌生，现如今它已发展成为了一个普遍并且严重困扰人们健康的问题。肥胖已于1997年被世界卫生组织列为全球性流行病[1]，不管是从生理上还是从心理上，它都容易引发一系列疾病，给肥胖患者带来莫大的压力与痛苦。据2005年的调查报告显示，我国有超重者约2.15亿人次，其中肥胖患者6 000多万[2]。可见寻找积极有效的减肥方法是一件迫在眉睫的事情。
1 肥胖的概念和危害
肥胖是一种由于能量物质过剩而导致的体内脂肪堆积的复杂的慢性疾病。体质指数（body mass index，BMI）是反映肥胖程度的指标， WHO对成人BMI的划分标准：18.5～24.9 为正常范围，40.0。这一标准为世界各国广泛采用。最近国际生命科学学会中国办事处中国肥胖问题工作组提出对中国成人判断超重和肥胖程度的界限，BMI [3]World Health Organization.Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry: Report of a WHO Expert Committee[J].World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser,1995,854:1-452.
[4]国际生命科学学会中国办事处中国肥胖问题工作组联合数据汇总分析协作组.中国成人体质指数分类的推荐意见简介[J].中华预防医学杂志,2001,(5):62-63.
[5]邹大进．超重和肥胖-代谢综合征的主要病因[J].国外医学:内分泌学分册,2005,25(3):145-147.
[6]中华医学会外科学分会内分泌外科学组,中华医学会外科学分会腹腔镜与内镜外科学组,中华医学会外科学分会胃肠外科学组,等.中国肥胖病外科治疗指南(2007)[J].中国实用外科杂志,2007,27(10):759-762．
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（收稿日期：2011-03-28）
