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【摘要】 目的 探讨神经内科医院感染的危险因素和感染情况,为制定护理对策提供依据。方法 回顾性调查神经内科2006年11月至2009年10月住院患者的医院感染率情况。结果 神经内科3年平均医院感染率为7.67%,医院感染例次率为9.04%,其中缺血缺氧性脑病、脑出血、脑梗死患者感染率最高,分别为21.88%、14.80%、10.206%;医院感染部位主要以呼吸道感染为主(59.63%),其次为泌尿道(18.15%)、胃肠道(11.85%)及皮肤感染(4.81%);医院感染危险因素主要是年龄、住院时间、侵袭性操作、基础疾病;细菌分布以革兰阴性菌为主。结论 神经内科住院患者医院感染危险因素较多,应加强管理,采取综合预防措施,降低医院感染发生率。
【关键词】神经内科;医院感染;危险因素;护理
Investigation into hospital infections in neurology department and its nursing strategy
LUO Yan-mei.Neurology Department,The Centeral Hostipital of Yiyang City,Hunan province 413002,China
【Abstract】 Objective To explore the risk factors and status of nosocomial in neurology department and to provide the basis for instituting corresponding nursing strategy.Methods A survey was conducted on hospital infection conditions among neurosurgical patients from November 2006 to October 2009.Results The average NI rate and case NI rate was 7.67%and 9.04%respectively.The leading diseases with high incidence of NI were ischemic and anoxic encephalopathy(21.88%),cerebral hemorrhage(14.80%),cerebral infarction(10.206%).The common sites of infection wererespiratory tract(59.63%),gastrointestinal tract(11.85%),andurinary tract(18.15%)and skin infection(4.81%).The main risk factors of NI inpatients were age,hospitalization period,invasive operation,chronic diseases.And in bacterial distribution the gram-negative bacteria was the predominant repressenting.Conclusion The risk factors of NI in patients in department of internal neurology are common and the feasible measures of reducing nosocomial infection were to strengthen hospital management,adopt comprehensive prevention measures to reduce the occurance rate of hospital infection.
【Key words】 Neurology department;Nosocomial infection;risk factor;Cerebral vascular disease
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作者单位:413000湖南省益阳市中心医院神经内科
神经内科在综合性医院内是急危重患者较多的科室.患者年龄往往偏大且伴有不同程度的运动障碍、意识障碍,病情恢复慢,住院时间长,易并发医院感染[1]。为探讨神经内科医院感染的临床特点及各种相关因素,现对益阳市中心医院神经内科4年中收治的2986例住院患者进行回顾性调查分析,并提出相应对策,为临床有效控制医院感染发生提供依据,报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 资料来源 2006年11月至2009年10月入院的神经内科患者,共2986例,其中男1722例,女1264例;年龄11~91岁,平均(55.24±2.30)岁。采用目标性监测方法,确定调查内容,设计调查表格,深入病房,查阅病历,收集相关资料。医院感染病例诊断均符合卫生部颁布的《医院感染诊断标准(试行)》[2]。
1.2 统计方法 将调查数据采用χ�2检验进行统计学处理,以P60101213213.04
住院时间≤202135733.42191.092085115618.33
侵袭性操作无2183693.16233.01
